... expenditure: publishing budgets and expenditure reports in the public domain. Conducting regular audits of government agencies: independent checks to identify violations. Publishing reports on the activities of government agencies: regularly informing the ... ... 3. International cooperation: UN Convention against Corruption: an international legal instrument for combating corruption. Exchange of information between law enforcement agencies of different countries: coordination of efforts in the fight against ...

... oil products in Russia is experiencing a tense situation this summer, driven by a rapid increase in prices for gasoline and diesel fuel. In July, exchange prices for automotive gasoline at the Saint Petersburg International Commodity and Raw Materials Exchange peaked (Grade AI-95 exceeded 75,000 rubles/ton), putting additional pressure on independent gas stations and consumers. Causes include a combination of seasonal factors—high summer demand from farmers and tourists—and supply constraints. Several refineries ( refineries ) halted operations for scheduled repairs in June and July,...

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... sales quotas. Currently, the norm for diesel fuel is 16%, but if it is raised to at least 35%, more than half of the diesel fuel supplied to the domestic market would come through the exchange. An increase in supply will lead to the stabilization of exchange prices, which will be reflected in retail prices, making fuel more accessible for independent gas stations. As a result, large chains will not be able to overprice without the risk of losing market share. Increasing the exchange quota could play an important role in dismantling regional fuel monopolies. Thanks to higher exchange ...

... Therefore, exchange prices for AI-95 will remain at risk," says the expert. According to Tereshkin, the only way out of the current situation is by increasing fuel production and raising exchange sale quotas, which would reduce prices on the exchange and make gasoline more accessible for independent gas stations. "However, these measures will only work if sanctions on equipment supplies to refineries are lifted. Otherwise, the risks of price increases and fuel shortages will remain chronic," he argues. Meanwhile, fuel prices ...