... the end of August once key refineries complete their repairs and return additional volumes of fuel to the market. Against a backdrop of relatively low global oil prices, Russia's export revenue is also declining. According to the Russian Ministry of Finance, total oil and gas revenues for the budget in the first seven months of 2025 fell by about 18–19% compared to the same period last year, totaling around 5.5 trillion rubles. The primary factor is the decrease in prices for Russian oil of the ...

... of Subsidies (Dampener). In 2025, budget payments to oil companies under the so-called dampener mechanism – compensations for supplying fuel to the domestic market below export prices – have significantly decreased. According to the Ministry of Finance, subsidies fell by nearly 45% in the first half of the year compared to the first half of 2024 (approximately 545 billion rubles versus 986 billion rubles the previous year). Smaller subsidies mean that oil companies find it harder to maintain ...

... deviations. Key Market and Macroeconomic Factors Influencing Stablecoin Prices Despite being pegged to the dollar, the USDC price is indirectly influenced by overall market and macroeconomic conditions. Stablecoins serve as a bridge between traditional finance and the crypto market, meaning that changes in the global economic environment can impact the demand and stability of these assets. Below, we examine the main factors: 1. Trust and Reserve Backing. A key factor in the price stability of USD Coin ...

... materials or products are required (Light & Miskelly, 2019). Logistics companies that can sell their services and participate in transactions (Scholz et al., 2018). Banks that receive up-to-date information on transactions and potential clients for financing. Thanks to this digital platform, a kind of ecosystem of the digital economy will be formed. And it will promote mutually beneficial cooperation between its participants (Ganichev & Koshovets, 2021). Having the opportunity to develop, this ecosystem ...

... the market in terms of supply and demand, understand the product and its features, study the business model and try to compare it with the business models I already know, calculate the return on invested capital and turnover , as well as the way to finance this project, do I need to attract a bank and what banking products are best suited or is it possible to do it on my own. Aspiring entrepreneurs conserve their limited resources. They try to keep overhead costs low, productivity high, and fixed ...