... impose a temporary export ban and return to previous rules. This year, the crisis is linked to the risk of fuel shortages and the long-term impact of sanctions, which was not as noticeable in 2022-2023: due to restrictions on equipment supplies for refineries, oil producers have no ability to quickly ramp up product output. Technological problems are compounded by the gradual depletion of the budget's safety cushion. The federal budget deficit for January-October 2024 was 220 billion rubles, and by the end ...

... gasoline for the population to avoid social discontent. Meanwhile, in the Middle East and India, refining is booming: local refineries, oriented towards exporting diesel and jet fuel, are operating at maximum capacity, saturating the global market with oil products. On the other hand, structural changes in the industry—such as the closure of several outdated refineries in Western Europe and the U.S. (including the decommissioning of some facilities in California)—pose risks of localized supply reductions in the future. However, as of now, summer 2025 is relatively quiet for the oil products market: fuel ...

... developing countries (such as Pakistan, Bangladesh, and several African states), high prices for imported fuel create tension – authorities are forced to subsidize gasoline for the public to avoid social discontent. Meanwhile, in the Middle East and India, oil refining is hitting record highs: local refineries, focused on exporting diesel and jet fuel, are operating at maximum capacity, saturating the global market with products. On the other hand, structural changes in the sector – such as the closure of several outdated refineries in Western ...

... some developing countries (Pakistan, Bangladesh, several African states), high prices for imported fuel create tension – authorities are forced to subsidize gasoline for the public to avoid social discontent. Meanwhile, in the Middle East and India, oil refining is achieving records: local refineries, oriented towards exporting diesel and jet fuel, are operating at full capacity, saturating the global market with products. On the flip side, structural changes in the industry – for instance, the closure of several outdated refineries in ...

... Bangladesh, several African states) are facing difficulties due to the high cost of imported fuel – many developing economies are forced to subsidize gasoline prices to avoid social unrest. Meanwhile, in the Middle East and India, record levels of oil refining at refineries oriented towards exporting diesel and jet fuel are helping to saturate the global market. On the other hand, structural changes – such as the closure of several old refineries in Western Europe and the US (for example, the planned conservation ...