... unified BRICS currency is one of the most discussed topics in international economics. The BRICS bloc consists of five of the largest emerging economies in the world — Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa — creating significant potential for integration in economic and financial spheres. The introduction of a unified currency could reduce the countries' dependence on the dollar and provide a new financial instrument for transactions within the bloc. However, as noted by Putin, the issue of ...

... infrastructure and access to capital, Sberbank can provide credit lines to Roscosmos and offer investment instruments to fund space programs. This could include creating funds to support startups working on space technologies or issuing bonds to attract funds. Integration of AI and Cloud Technologies: Sberbank is actively advancing AI and big data analytics. These technologies can be applied in the space industry for processing vast amounts of data collected from satellites, predicting weather conditions, assessing ...

... performance, scaling, or reliability of technology. If the technology fails to meet expectations, it will lead to losses for investors. It is important for Open Oil Market to ensure that the platform operates reliably, is easy to use for customers, and can integrate with existing systems used by suppliers and buyers. 5. Liquidity risk Investments in startups often have low liquidity, as private companies are not publicly traded. Investors may be forced to hold their investments for a long time before they ...

... and market mechanisms for price and supply regulation on the domestic market has led to the retail segment being in the most vulnerable position. Retail margins do not exceed 5-7% and do not ensure profitability for gas stations not part of vertically integrated companies (about half of gas stations in Russia). Therefore, retail prices are not decreasing along with wholesale prices. Inflation, rising costs in production, transportation, and fuel sales contribute to the price increase, the expert explains....

... prices also accelerated, with growth rates increasing from 0.9% to 1.3%, according to Rosstat. Unspoken Market Constraints Oil companies have incentives to raise retail prices. On one hand, Russian refineries, most of which are part of vertically integrated oil companies (VIOCs), face rising costs. Rosstat data shows that the net profit of Russian enterprises across the economy grew by 13.8% in the first four months of 2024 to 10.05 trillion rubles. However, in petroleum product manufacturing,...