... India. He emphasized the need for enhanced coordination with Europe regarding the implementation and adherence to secondary sanctions . Europe and Indian Refining of Russian Oil: Market Implications and the Agenda of Secondary Sanctions Context and ... ... competitive product pricing for European buyers. Legal Framework and Product "Origin" Substantial Processing: Changes in product code and characteristics are interpreted as a change of origin. Compliance: The supply of products, rather than crude ...

... years. However, complex schemes using a "shadow fleet" allow it to bypass international restrictions and supply millions of barrels of oil to China every year. What risks does this create for the market and how does it affect Russia? Find out in our analysis. Chinese Purchases of Iranian Oil: Covert Operations and Their Consequences for Russia Despite international sanctions and official statements about halting oil supplies from Iran to China, the Middle Kingdom continues to import crude oil using complex circumvention schemes. These actions have a significant impact on the global oil market, creating challenges ...

The European Union is considering replacing Russian LNG with American LNG in its quest for energy independence. How realistic and beneficial is this for Europe? The article discusses the infrastructural,... ... especially to countries with developed infrastructure for receiving LNG, such as Spain, Great Britain and the Netherlands. The sanctions imposed by the EU against Russia are gradually reducing the share of Russian gas on the market, but it has not yet been ...

... энергетическая политика Western agencies have sensationalized the news that India has doubled its imports of American oil in exchange for Russian supplies. However, experts believe that U.S. oil cannot become a serious competitor to Russian oil in ... ... from the U.S. due to a decrease in purchases from Russia. Allegedly, India started to turn away from Russian oil to avoid U.S. sanctions, which at the beginning of the year included a new batch of shadow fleet vessels in the sanctions list. Bloomberg also ...

Moldova and Transnistria have declared a state of emergency in light of the threat of Russian gas supply disruptions via Ukraine. In the worst-case scenario, they face an energy blackout ... ... Russian gas from any source—neither via Ukraine nor the TurkStream pipeline—they face a severe crisis. This could occur if sanctions against Gazprombank are strictly enforced or if new U.S. sanctions are imposed. A broader European gas deficit and rising ...